¡¡¡¡£Û1£ÝSee our article,“Professional Lives Versus Private Lives—Shifting Patterns of Managerial Commitment,”Organizational Dynamics, Spring 1979,p.2.

¡¡¡¡£Û2£ÝIbid.

¡¡¡¡£Û3£ÝAbraham Zaleznik,“Management of Disappointment,”HBR,Novemberª²December,1967,p.59.

¡¡¡¡£Û4£ÝEdgar H. Schein,Career Dynamics (Reading, MA:Addisonª²Wesley,1978).

¡¡¡¡£Û5£ÝSee,for example, Harry Levinson,“Emotional Health in the World of Work”in Management by Guilt (New York:Harper & Row,1964),pp.267291.